POWER QUALITY FOR TELECOMMUNICATION PLANTS

The power supply of telephone plants and FM/TV relay stations has always entailed numerous problems and specific needs which are difficult to meet, among them:

to assure the safety of operators working on the plants, according to the law
to assure continuity of operation to the plants
to create a compact distribution system for all loads usually present in relay stations
to limit the costs of installation and management
to allow a cheap and effective technical assistance

IREM PROPOSAL FOR TELECOMMUNICATION PLANTS INTEGRATED POWER SUPPLIES AI SERIES

IREM integrated power supplies solve the power quality problems of broadcasting stations in the telecommunications sector. They include safety, protection, distribution, connection and signal devices.
All the integrated power supplies of AI range can also be manufactured with class II protection (double insulation).

INTEGRATED POWER SUPPLIES AI SERIES - IREM POWER QUALITY

SAFETY OF OPERATORS

To ensure the safety of operators it is also necessary that:

The premises hosting the telecommunications equipment are accessible only to specialized personnel.
Any equipment has live parts protected by barriers that can only be removed using tools.
The electrical systems are done to perfection.

CONTINUITY OF OPERATION

The continuity of operation required by an automatic repeater, often installed in practically inaccessible sites, must satisfy a variety of requirements, ranging from the prevalently technical to the economic, limiting the need for intervention on the equipment. The first problem to arise, and probably also the most difficult to tackle, is that of protection against atmospheric discharges, practically omnipresent in repeaters on account of the sites they have to be installed in. Due to the coupling of electromagnetic fields and the conduction in cables, the effect of lightning spreads for several kilometres from the impact point. On the other hand, other forms of protection, for example those against overloads and short circuits, are subject only to suitable dimensioning.
The use of earth leakage trips for protection against direct contacts must be ruled out as even the overcurrents of feeble intensity caused by factors such as merely even inductance can result in untimely opening of the circuit. The importance of the economic aspect lies not only in the costs of making and maintaining the equipment, but also in the question of audience return. In fact, failure to guarantee the customer full operation of the equipment constitutes an interruption of the service and, accordingly, a cost.

CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS

The integrated power supply AI is housed in a 19” rack cabinet. It includes the following components:

a. spark-gap magnetic blow-out lightning arrester. This is an essential component of the integrated power supply. It is characterized by:

high precision striking voltage with any overvoltage waveform;
restoration of the plant normal operating conditions interrupting the arc current at its first passage through 0 after the exhaustion of the overvoltage wave;
capability of withstanding currents with peak value of 100 kA (10/350 μs), charge of 80 As and specific energy of 1,25 MJ/W;
auto-regenerability. Thanks to this characteristic, the arrester does not need to be replaced, as it happens with other over voltage protection systems.

b. An input circuit breaker, providing protection against short circuits and acting as main circuit breaker. It has a high magnetic tripping characteristic, avoiding untimely openings following impulse type overcurrents caused by atmospheric discharges. Four thermal magnetic circuit breakers to protect the power supply lines of the receiving unit, of the transmitter, of the auxiliary devices and of the service utilities. In order to guarantee a high level of insulation with respect to the metal structure, the five switches are fixed to a high mechanical resistance glass-polyester support.

c. A single-phase isolation transformer compliant with EN61558-2-4 Standard, provided with electrostatic shield between the windings. In addition to the galvanic isolation of the users from the line, it also ensures good attenuation against common and transverse mode conducted noise. The connection to the outputs is possible through multistandard sockets and a IEC socket (only in the 6 kVA model);

d. A device warning against breakdown of insulation with relevant contact wired to the terminal board. This device intervenes when the insulation is lower than 100 kΩ.